Unio martensi Ihering, 1893
Ihering, 1893, Arch. Naturg. 59(1): 100, pl. 4, fig. 10.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE SMF_3929, Sao Paulo, Bras.

Unio martensi — Ihering (1893)
Diplodon (s.s.) martensi — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Mansur & Pereira (2006), Pereira et al. (2014)
Diplodon rhuacoicus — Haas (1930)
Diplodon (Rhipidodonta) charruanus — Bonetto (1964), Bonetto & Mansur (1970)
Diplodon (s.s.) rhuacoicus — Figueiras (1965), Haas (1969)
Diplodon martensi — Parodiz (1968), Mansur (1970), Quintana (1982), Mansur et al. (1988), Mansur et al. (2020), Graf & Cummings (2021)
Rhipidodonta charruana — Simone (2006)

Unio firmus var. boettgeri Ihering, 1893
Ihering, 1893, Arch. Naturg. 59(1): 105, pl. 4, fig. 11.
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio firmus Lea, 1866)
Type(s): LECTOTYPE SMF_3945, Cambucy, St. Sao Paulo, Bras.

Unio firmus var. boettgeri — Ihering (1893)
Diplodon (s.s.) firmus var. boettgeri — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Diplodon (s.s.) granosus multistriatus — Haas (1931), Bonetto (1964), Bonetto (1965), Haas (1969)
Diplodon martensi — Parodiz (1968), Mansur (1970), Quintana (1982)
Rhipidodonta charruana — Simone (2006)

Diplodon (s.s.) santamariae Simpson, 1914
Simpson, 1914, Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1270 [as ‘santa-mariae’].
Type(s): SYNTYPE USNM_162383, Rio Itapuca, Sta Catherina, Brazil.

Diplodon (s.s.) santamariae — Simpson (1914), Morretes (1949)
Diplodon (s.s.) santa-mariae — Simpson (1914)
Diplodon santa mariae — Marshall (1917)
Diplodon rhuacoicus — Haas (1930)
Diplodon (s.s.) granosus multistriatus — Bonetto (1964), Bonetto (1965)
Diplodon martensi — Parodiz (1968), Mansur (1970), Quintana (1982)
Diplodon (s.s.) rhuacoicus — Haas (1969)
Rhipidodonta charruana — Simone (2006)

Diplodon (s.s.) suppositus Simpson, 1914
Simpson, 1900, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 877. [nomen nudum]
Simpson, 1914, Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1245.
Type(s): SYNTYPE USNM_162374, Parana, Brazil.

Diplodon (s.s.) suppositus — Simpson (1914), Morretes (1949)
Diplodon (s.s.) piceus — Simpson (1900)
Diplodon suppositus — Marshall (1917), Figueiras (1965)
Diplodon rhuacoicus — Haas (1930), Simone (2006)
Diplodon martensi — Parodiz (1968), Mansur (1970), Quintana (1982)
Diplodon (s.s.) rhuacoicus — Haas (1969)
Rhipidodonta charruana — Simone (2006)

Diplodon decipiens Ortmann, 1921
Ortmann, 1921, Mem. Carnegie Mus. 8: 499, pl. 36, figs. 3-6; pl. 45, fig. 4; pl. 47, fig. 7; text fig. 4e.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE CM_61.9253, creek of Rio Iguassu, Serrinha, Parana, Brazil.

Diplodon decipiens — Ortmann (1921), Bonetto (1959)
Diplodon (s.s.) decipiens — Ortmann (1921), Morretes (1949)
Diplodon rhuacoicus — Haas (1930), Simone (2006)
Diplodon (s.s.) delodontus expansus — Bonetto (1964), Bonetto (1965)
Diplodon martensi — Parodiz (1968), Mansur (1970), Quintana (1982)
Diplodon (s.s.) rhuacoicus — Haas (1969)

Diplodon simillimus Ortmann, 1921
Ortmann, 1921, Mem. Carnegie Mus. 8: 495, pl. 35, figs. 3-6; pl. 45, fig. 2; text fig. 4c.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE CM_61.9250, Rio Nhundiaquara, Morretes, Paraná, Brazil.

Diplodon simillimus — Ortmann (1921), Bonetto (1959)
Diplodon (s.s.) simillimus — Ortmann (1921), Morretes (1949)
Diplodon rhuacoicus — Haas (1930)
Diplodon (s.s.) granosus multistriatus — Bonetto (1964)
Diplodon martensi — Parodiz (1968), Mansur (1970), Quintana (1982)
Diplodon (s.s.) rhuacoicus — Haas (1969)
Rhipidodonta charruana — Simone (2006)

Unio sebastiani Haas, 1930
‘von Ihering’ Haas, 1930, Senckenbergiana 12: 180. [nomen nudum]

Unio sebastiani — Haas (1930)
Diplodon rhuacoicus — Haas (1930)
Diplodon (Rhipidodonta) charruanus — Bonetto (1964), Bonetto & Mansur (1970)
Diplodon martensi — Parodiz (1968), Mansur (1970)
Rhipidodonta charruana — Simone (2006)

Unio multistriatus Haas, 1931
Haas, 1931, Senckenbergiana 13: fig. 28.
(misidentified reference to Unio multistriatus Lea, 1831)

Unio multistriatus — Haas (1931)
Diplodon martensi — Parodiz (1968), Mansur (1970)

Diplodon sancta-mariae Quintana, 1982
‘Simpson’ Quintana, 1982, Rev. Mus. Argentino Zoológicas 11: 129.
(error for Diplodon (s.s.) santamariae Simpson, 1914)

Diplodon sancta-mariae — Quintana (1982)

Diplodon simillinus Quintana, 1982
‘Ortmann’ Quintana, 1982, Rev. Mus. Argentino Zoológicas 11: 129.
(error for Diplodon simillimus Ortmann, 1921)

Diplodon simillinus — Quintana (1982)

Rhipidodonta martensis Simone, 2006
‘Ihering’ Simone, 2006, Land. Freshw. Moll. Brazil.: 267.
(error for Unio martensi Ihering, 1893)

Rhipidodonta martensis — Simone (2006)

Taxonomic History (since 1900)

Diplodon (s.s.) martensi — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Mansur & Pereira (2006), Pereira et al. (2014)
Diplodon (s.s.) firmus var. boettgeri — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Diplodon (s.s.) piceus — Simpson (1900)
Diplodon (s.s.) santamariae — Simpson (1914), Morretes (1949)
Diplodon (s.s.) santa-mariae — Simpson (1914)
Diplodon (s.s.) suppositus — Simpson (1914), Morretes (1949)
Diplodon santa mariae — Marshall (1917)
Diplodon suppositus — Marshall (1917), Figueiras (1965)
Diplodon decipiens — Ortmann (1921), Bonetto (1959)
Diplodon (s.s.) decipiens — Ortmann (1921), Morretes (1949)
Diplodon simillimus — Ortmann (1921), Bonetto (1959)
Diplodon (s.s.) simillimus — Ortmann (1921), Morretes (1949)
Diplodon rhuacoicus — Haas (1930), Simone (2006)
Unio sebastiani — Haas (1930)
Diplodon (s.s.) granosus multistriatus — Haas (1931), Bonetto (1964), Bonetto (1965), Haas (1969)
Unio multistriatus — Haas (1931)
Diplodon (Rhipidodonta) charruanus — Bonetto (1964), Bonetto & Mansur (1970)
Diplodon (s.s.) delodontus expansus — Bonetto (1964), Bonetto (1965)
Diplodon (s.s.) rhuacoicus — Figueiras (1965), Haas (1969)
Diplodon martensi — Parodiz (1968), Mansur (1970), Quintana (1982), Mansur et al. (1988), Mansur et al. (2020), Graf & Cummings (2021)
Diplodon sancta-mariae — Quintana (1982)
Diplodon simillinus — Quintana (1982)
Rhipidodonta charruana — Simone (2006)
Rhipidodonta martensis — Simone (2006)