Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819
Lamarck, 1819, Hist. Natur. Anim. sans Vert. 6: 67, sp. 1.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE MNHN-IM-2000-27235, Amérique du Sud.

Castalia ambigua — Lamarck (1819), Children (1823), Wood (1828), Menke (1830), ..., Mansur et al. (2020), Wu et al. (2021), Graf & Cummings (2021), Breure et al. (2022)
Unio ambigua — Blainville (1825)
Tetraplodon pectinatum — Wagner (1827)
Margarita (Unio) ambiguus — Lea (1836), Lea (1838)
Castalia (s.s.) cordata — Swainson (1840)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Castalia cordata — Mörch (1853)
Unio ambiguus — Küster (1861)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914), Haas (1916)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua ambigua — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Mansur & Valer (1992), Ramírez et al. (2003), Martinez et al. (2004), Lasso et al. (2009)
Castalia inflata — Figueiras (1965)

Castalia retusa Hupé, 1857
Hupé, 1857, [in] Castelnau, Anim. Nouv. Rares d’Amer. Sud: 75, pl. 14, fig. 2.
Type(s): POSSIBLE SYNTYPE MNHN_MP_0294, Guyane.

Castalia retusa — Hupé (1857), Sowerby (1869), Haas (1931), Haas (1969), Mansur (1991)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1870)
Tetraplodon retusus — Simpson (1900), Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera retusa — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Castalia quadrilatera d’Orbigny, 1835
d’Orbigny, 1835, Mag. Zool. 5(61-62): 42.
d’Orbigny, 1846, Voyage dans l’Amérique Méridionale 5: 599, pl. 73.
Type(s): SYNTYPE SMF_4344, Rio San Miguel, Guarayos, Bolivia.

Castalia quadrilatera — d’Orbigny (1835), Hanley (1843), d’Orbigny (1846), Hupé (1857), F. Baker (1913), Haas (1931), Haas (1969), Quintana (1982)
Margarita (Unio) ambiguus — Lea (1838)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Castalia lateriquadrata — Sowerby (1869)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterum — Simpson (1900)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterus — Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Tetraplodon pectinatus Wagner, 1827
Spix in Wagner, 1827, Test. Fluv. Brasil.: 32, pl. 25, fig. 3-4.
Type(s): SYNTYPE MNHN_MP_0117, Brazil [described from “Habitat in flumine S. Francisci in Provincia Minarum” [= Minas Gerais].

Tetraplodon pectinatus — Wagner (1827), Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Tetraplodon pectinatum — Wagner (1827)
Castalia ambigua — d’Orbigny (1835), d’Orbigny (1846), Hupé (1857), Sowerby (1869), Ihering (1890), Corsi (1900), Simone (2006)
Margarita (Unio) ambiguus — Lea (1836), Lea (1838)
Castalia (s.s.) pectinata — Swainson (1840)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio ambiguus — Küster (1861)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Haas (1916)
Castalia pectinata — Ortmann (1921), Morretes (1949), Haas (1969)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua pectinata — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua pectinata — Bonetto (1965)

Tetraplodon baro Ihering, 1910
Ihering, 1910, Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 127.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE SMF_3789, Amazonas.

Tetraplodon baro — Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Castalia baro — Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931), Morretes (1949), Haas (1969)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera küsteri — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Chevronais colombiana Olsson & Wurtz, 1951
Olsson & Wurtz, 1951, Notulae Naturae (239): 6, text fig. 3-6.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (ORIG. DESIG.) ANSP_187181, Rio Caqueta, above Tres Esquinas, Colombia.

Chevronais colombiana — Olsson & Wurtz (1951)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Chevronaias colombiana — Haas (1969), Haas (1969)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Prisodon trigonum Schumacher, 1816
Schumacher, 1816, Overs. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Forhandl. Kjobehhaven 1816: 7. [nomen nudum]

Prisodon trigonum — Schumacher (1816)

Prisodon truncatus Schumacher, 1817
Schumacher, 1817, Essai. Nouv. Syst.: 139.

Prisodon truncatus — Schumacher (1817)
Margarita (Unio) syrmatophorus — Lea (1836), Lea (1838)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Castalia cordata — Mörch (1853)
Castalia truncata — Miller (1879)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Haas (1916)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua ambigua — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Unio ambiguus Sowerby & Sowerby, 1821
‘Lamarck’ Sowerby & Sowerby, 1821, Genera of Shells 2: pl. 85, fig. 2.
(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)

Unio ambiguus — Sowerby & Sowerby (1821)
Margarita (Unio) ambiguus — Lea (1838)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Haas (1916)

Tetraplodon pectinatus Wagner, 1827
Spix in Wagner, 1827, Test. Fluv. Brasil.: 32, pl. 25, fig. 3. [in part]
(reference to Tetraplodon pectinatus Wagner, 1827)

Tetraplodon pectinatus — Wagner (1827), Ihering (1910)
Castalia ambigua — d’Orbigny (1835), Hupé (1857), Ihering (1890)
Castalia (s.s.) pectinata — Swainson (1840)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1852)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)

Castalia ambigua Wood, 1828
Wood, 1828, Suppl. Index Testac.: 3 [as ‘Mya ambigua’].
Wood, 1828, Suppl. Index Testac.: 30, pl. 1, fig. 9.
Wood & Hanley, 1856, Index Testac.: 200, pl. 1, fig. 9.
(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)

Castalia ambigua — Wood (1828)
Margarita (Unio) ambiguus — Lea (1838)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1852)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterum — Simpson (1900)

Castalia ambigua Sowerby, 1839
‘Lamarck’ Sowerby, 1839, Conch. Man.: fig. 140.
(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)

Castalia ambigua — Sowerby (1839)
Castalia (s.s.) cordata — Swainson (1840)
Tetraplodon retusus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Tetraplodon cordatus — Ihering (1910)

Castalia acuticosta Hupé, 1857
Hupé, 1857, [in] Castelnau, Anim. Nouv. Rares d’Amer. Sud: 77, pl. 14, fig. 3.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE MNHN_MP_0162, Rio Mondego, (Bresil).

Castalia acuticosta — Hupé (1857), Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931), Morretes (1949), Bonetto (1961)
Castalia acuticostata — Sowerby (1869)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1870)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterum — Simpson (1900)
Tetraplodon acuticosta — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia quadrilatera — Haas (1969), Quintana (1982)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Castalia turgida Hupé, 1857
Hupé, 1857, [in] Castelnau, Anim. Nouv. Rares d’Amer. Sud: 76, pl. 14, fig. 1.

Castalia turgida — Hupé (1857), Sowerby (1869), Morretes (1949)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1870)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon turgidus — Ihering (1910)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Haas (1969), Simone (2006)

Unio ambiguus Küster, 1861
‘Lamarck’ Küster, 1861, Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 165, pl. 48, fig. 1.
(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)

Unio ambiguus — Küster (1861)
Tetraplodon baro — Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Haas (1916)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera küsteri — Modell (1950)

Castalia acuticostata Sowerby, 1869
‘Hupé’ Sowerby, 1869, Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 3, sp. 12.
(error for Castalia acuticosta Hupé, 1857)

Castalia acuticostata — Sowerby (1869)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Castalia ambigua Sowerby, 1869
‘Lamarck’ Sowerby, 1869, Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 1, sp. 1, figs. 1a-c.
(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)

Castalia ambigua — Sowerby (1869)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1870)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon baro — Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Castalia baro — Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931)

Castalia carolinensis Sowerby, 1869
Sowerby, 1869, Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 2, sp. 6.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE BMNH_1841-4-6-149, South Carolina.

Castalia carolinensis — Sowerby (1869)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1870)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon retusus — Ihering (1910)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera retusa — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua — Haas (1969), Simone (2006)

Castalia hanleyana Sowerby, 1869
Sowerby, 1869, Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 1, sp. 5.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE BMNH_1900-3-19-5, Hab._?

Castalia hanleyana — Sowerby (1869), Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931), Morretes (1949)
Margaron (Prisodon) truncatus — Lea (1870)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon hanleyanus — Ihering (1910)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Haas (1969), Simone (2006)

Castalia lateriquadrata Sowerby, 1869
‘d’Orbigny’ Sowerby, 1869, Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 2, sp. 10.
(error for Castalia quadrilatera d’Orbigny, 1835)

Castalia lateriquadrata — Sowerby (1869), Haas (1949)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterum — Simpson (1900)
Tetraplodon lateriquadratus — Ihering (1910)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia quadrilatera — Haas (1969), Quintana (1982)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Castalia latiquadrata Sowerby, 1869
‘d’Orbigny’ Sowerby, 1869, Conch. Icon. 17: index.
(error for Castalia lateriquadrata Sowerby, 1869)

Castalia latiquadrata — Sowerby (1869), Haas (1931)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterum — Simpson (1900)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965)

Castalia cordata Strobel, 1874
Strobel, 1874, Bibliotheca Malacologica 4: 75.
(misidentified reference to Castalia cordata Swainson, 1840)

Castalia cordata — Strobel (1874)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Haas (1916)
Castalia ambigua — Haas (1969), Simone (2006)

Castalia ambigua Ihering, 1890
‘Lamarck’ Ihering, 1890, Arch. Naturg. 56(1): 162.
(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)

Castalia ambigua — Ihering (1890)
Castalia pectinata — Ortmann (1921)

Castalia ambigua var. kuesteri Ihering, 1893
Ihering, 1893, Arch. Naturg. 59(1): 88 [as ‘küsteri’].
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)

Castalia ambigua var. kuesteri — Ihering (1893)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera küsteri — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Tetraplodon juruanus Ihering, 1910
Ihering, 1904, Rev. Mus. Paul. 6: 460 [as ‘T. ambiguus’].
Ihering, 1910, Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 126.
Type(s): TYPE SMF_3790, Rio Juruá, Brasilien.

Tetraplodon juruanus — Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Castalia juruana — Haas (1931), Morretes (1949)
Castalia juruanus — Haas (1932)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua crosseana — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Mansur & Valer (1992), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia quadrilatera — Haas (1969)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Castalia lateriiquadrata Haas, 1969
‘Sowerby’ Haas, 1969, Das Tierreich 88: 535.
(error for Castalia lateriquadrata Sowerby, 1869)

Castalia lateriiquadrata — Haas (1969)

Castalia acuaticosta Ramírez et al., 2003
‘Hupe’ Ramírez et al., 2003, Rev. Biol. Trop. 51: 273.
(error for Castalia acuticosta Hupé, 1857)

Castalia acuaticosta — Ramírez et al. (2003)

Castalia cuadrilatera Ramírez et al., 2003
‘d’Orbigny’ Ramírez et al., 2003, Rev. Biol. Trop. 51: 273.
(error for Castalia quadrilatera d’Orbigny, 1835)

Castalia cuadrilatera — Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Castalia lateriquacrata Simone, 2006
‘auctt.’ Simone, 2006, Land. Freshw. Moll. Brazil.: 252.
(error for Castalia lateriquadrata Sowerby, 1869)

Castalia lateriquacrata — Simone (2006)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Taxonomic History (since 1900)

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914), Haas (1916)
Castalia ambigua — Corsi (1900), F. Baker (1913), Vernhout (1914), Thiele (1934), ..., Mansur et al. (2020), Wu et al. (2021), Graf & Cummings (2021), Breure et al. (2022)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterum — Simpson (1900)
Tetraplodon retusus — Simpson (1900), Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Tetraplodon pectinatus — Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Tetraplodon quadrilaterus — Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Tetraplodon cordatus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon acuticosta — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon turgidus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon baro — Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Tetraplodon hanleyanus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon lateriquadratus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon juruanus — Ihering (1910), Simpson (1914)
Castalia quadrilatera — F. Baker (1913), Haas (1931), Haas (1969), Quintana (1982)
Castalia pectinata — Ortmann (1921), Morretes (1949), Haas (1969)
Castalia acuticosta — Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931), Morretes (1949), Bonetto (1961)
Castalia baro — Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931), Morretes (1949), Haas (1969)
Castalia hanleyana — Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931), Morretes (1949)
Castalia retusa — Haas (1931), Haas (1969), Mansur (1991)
Castalia latiquadrata — Haas (1931)
Castalia juruana — Haas (1931), Morretes (1949)
Castalia juruanus — Haas (1932)
Castalia turgida — Morretes (1949)
Castalia lateriquadrata — Haas (1949)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua ambigua — Modell (1950)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua pectinata — Modell (1950)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera retusa — Modell (1950)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera küsteri — Modell (1950)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua crosseana — Modell (1950)
Chevronais colombiana — Olsson & Wurtz (1951)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Mansur & Valer (1992), Ramírez et al. (2003), Martinez et al. (2004), Lasso et al. (2009)
Castalia inflata — Figueiras (1965)
Castalia ambigua pectinata — Bonetto (1965)
Chevronaias colombiana — Haas (1969), Haas (1969)
Castalia lateriiquadrata — Haas (1969)
Castalia acuaticosta — Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia cuadrilatera — Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia lateriquacrata — Simone (2006)