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Page last updated
Sun 06 Oct 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini

genus Medionidus Simpson, 1900: cladomics
     7 valid species

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 7

analyzed in 19 cladograms in 12 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 2, mean = 1.21

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 4
maximum number of included terminals = 2, mean = 2.0
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0


Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree


Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 6 0 2 54 46 22 0.0

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** *** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

                                   +-- Cyrtonaias             
  +--------------------------------+                          
  |                                +-- Glebula                
  |                                                           
--+  +-------------------------------- Paetulunio             
  |  |                                                        
  |  |                             +-- Obliquaria             
  +--+  +--------------------------+                          
     |  |                          +-- Toxolasma              
     |  |                                                     
     |  |  +-------------------------- Sagittunio             
     +--+  |                                                  
        |  |              +----------- Potamilus              
        |  |              |                                   
        |  |  +-----------+        +-- Medionidus_conradicus **  
        |  |  |           |  +-----+                          
        +--+  |           |  |     +-- Ptychobranchus         
           |  |           +--+                                
           |  |              |  +----- Medionidus_acutissimus ** 
           |  |              |  |                             
           |  |              +--+----- Lemiox                 
           |  |                 |                             
           |  |                 |  +-- Dromus                 
           +--+                 +--+                          
              |                    +-- Cyprogenia             
              |                                               
              |                 +----- Lampsilis_teres        
              |  +--------------+                             
              |  |              |  +-- Truncilla              
              |  |              +--+                          
              |  |                 +-- Ellipsaria             
              |  |                                            
              +--+  +----------------- Leaunio                
                 |  |                                         
                 |  |     +----------- Hamiota                
                 |  |     |                                   
                 |  |  +--+        +-- Lampsilis_fasciola     
                 +--+  |  |  +-----+                          
                    |  |  |  |     +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa  
                    |  |  +--+                                
                    |  |     |  +----- Lampsilis_ornata       
                    |  |     +--+                             
                    |  |        |  +-- Lampsilis_ovata        
                    +--+        +--+                          
                       |           +-- Lampsilis_cardium      
                       |                                      
                       |        +----- Venustaconcha          
                       |  +-----+                             
                       |  |     |  +-- Obovaria               
                       |  |     +--+                          
                       +--+        +-- Epioblasma             
                          |                                   
                          |  +-------- Lampsilis_siliquoidea  
                          +--+                                
                             |  +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
                             +--+                             
                                |  +-- Cambarunio             
                                +--+                          
                                   +-- Ligumia                

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 6 0 2 100 41 22 4.0
           +----- Obliquaria                    
  +--------+                                    
  |        |  +-- Cyrtonaias                    
  |        +--+                                 
  |           +-- Glebula                       
  |                                             
  |  +----------- Sagittunio                    
  |  |                                          
  |  +----------- Leaunio                       
  |  |                                          
  |  +----------- Potamilus                     
  |  |                                          
  |  +----------- Hamiota                       
  |  |                                          
  |  |        +-- Ellipsaria                    
--+  +--------+                                 
  |  |        +-- Truncilla                     
  |  |                                          
  |  |     +----- Lampsilis_teres               
  |  +-----+                                    
  |  |     |  +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina       
  |  |     +--+                                 
  |  |        +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea         
  |  |                                          
  |  |     +----- Villosa                       
  |  +-----+                                    
  |  |     |  +-- Ligumia                       
  |  |     +--+                                 
  |  |        +-- Cambarunio                    
  |  |                                          
  +--+  +-------- Ortmanniana_pectorosa         
     +--+                                       
     |  |  +----- Lampsilis_ornata              
     |  +--+                                    
     |     |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium             
     |     +--+                                 
     |        +-- Lampsilis_ovata               
     |                                          
     |  +-------- Obovaria_olivaria             
     |  |                                       
     |  +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2
     +--+                                       
     |  +-------- Epioblasma                    
     |  |                                       
     |  |  +----- Obovaria_unicolor             
     |  +--+                                    
     |     |  +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis        
     |     +--+                                 
     |        +-- Obovaria_subrotunda           
     |                                          
     |        +-- Ptychobranchus                
     |  +-----+                                 
     |  |     +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1
     |  |                                       
     +--+  +----- Medionidus_conradicus **         
        |  |                                    
        |  |  +-- Lemiox                        
        +--+--+                                 
           |  +-- Medionidus_acutissimus **        
           |                                    
           |  +-- Dromus                        
           +--+                                 
              +-- Cyprogenia                    

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 9 0 2 100 41 22 4.0
                       +-------- Toxolasma                     
  +--------------------+                                       
  |                    |  +----- Obliquaria                    
  |                    +--+                                    
  |                       |  +-- Cyrtonaias                    
  |                       +--+                                 
  |                          +-- Glebula                       
  |                                                            
  |              +-------------- Potamilus                     
  |              |                                             
  |              |     +-------- Medionidus_acutissimus **        
--+              |  +--+                                       
  |  +-----------+  |  |  +----- Lemiox                        
  |  |           |  |  +--+                                    
  |  |           |  |     |  +-- Dromus                        
  |  |           |  |     +--+                                 
  |  |           +--+        +-- Cyprogenia                    
  |  |              |                                          
  |  |              |        +-- Sagittunio                    
  |  |              |     +--+                                 
  |  |              |     |  +-- Medionidus_conradicus **         
  +--+              +-----+                                    
     |                    |  +-- Ptychobranchus                
     |                    +--+                                 
     |                       +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2
     |                                                         
     |                       +-- Ellipsaria                    
     |  +--------------------+                                 
     |  |                    +-- Truncilla                     
     |  |                                                      
     |  |  +-------------------- Villosa                       
     +--+  |                                                   
        |  |                 +-- Obovaria_olivaria             
        |  |        +--------+                                 
        |  |        |        +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1
        |  |  +-----+                                          
        +--+  |     |  +-------- Epioblasma                    
           |  |     +--+                                       
           |  |        |  +----- Obovaria_unicolor             
           |  |        +--+                                    
           |  |           |  +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis        
           |  |           +--+                                 
           |  |              +-- Obovaria_subrotunda           
           +--+                                                
              |        +-------- Hamiota                       
              |        |                                       
              |  +-----+     +-- Lampsilis_cardium             
              |  |     |  +--+                                 
              |  |     |  |  +-- Lampsilis_ovata               
              |  |     +--+                                    
              |  |        |  +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa         
              +--+        +--+                                 
                 |           +-- Lampsilis_ornata              
                 |                                             
                 |           +-- Ligumia                       
                 |  +--------+                                 
                 |  |        +-- Cambarunio                    
                 +--+                                          
                    |  +-------- Lampsilis_teres               
                    +--+                                       
                       |  +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina       
                       +--+                                    
                          |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea         
                          +--+                                 
                             +-- Leaunio                       

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 3 0 2 55 46 22 3.0
                                      +-- Paetulunio             
  +-----------------------------------+                          
  |                                   +-- Toxolasma              
  |                                                              
  |                                +----- Obliquaria             
  |  +-----------------------------+                             
--+  |                             |  +-- Glebula                
  |  |                             +--+                          
  |  |                                +-- Cyrtonaias             
  |  |                                                           
  |  |                             +----- Ptychobranchus         
  |  |                          +--+                             
  +--+                          |  |  +-- Dromus                 
     |                          |  +--+                          
     |  +-----------------------+     +-- Cyprogenia             
     |  |                       |                                
     |  |                       |  +----- Medionidus_conradicus **  
     |  |                       +--+                             
     |  |                          |  +-- Medionidus_acutissimus ** 
     |  |                          +--+                          
     +--+                             +-- Lemiox                 
        |                                                        
        |  +----------------------------- Sagittunio             
        |  |                                                     
        |  +----------------------------- Potamilus              
        |  |                                                     
        |  |                          +-- Truncilla              
        +--+  +-----------------------+                          
           |  |                       +-- Ellipsaria             
           |  |                                                  
           |  |                       +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa  
           |  |                 +-----+                          
           |  |                 |     +-- Lampsilis_fasciola     
           +--+  +--------------+                                
              |  |              |  +----- Lampsilis_ornata       
              |  |              +--+                             
              |  |                 |  +-- Lampsilis_ovata        
              |  |                 +--+                          
              |  |                    +-- Lampsilis_cardium      
              +--+                                               
                 |                    +-- Ligumia                
                 |                 +--+                          
                 |                 |  +-- Cambarunio             
                 |  +--------------+                             
                 |  |              |  +-- Lampsilis_teres        
                 |  |              +--+                          
                 +--+                 +-- Hamiota                
                    |                                            
                    |  +----------------- Leaunio                
                    |  |                                         
                    +--+  +-------------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
                       |  |                                      
                       +--+  +----------- Lampsilis_siliquoidea  
                          |  |                                   
                          +--+  +-------- Obovaria_olivaria      
                             |  |                                
                             |  +-------- Venustaconcha          
                             +--+                                
                                +-------- Epioblasma             
                                |                                
                                |  +----- Obovaria_unicolor      
                                +--+                             
                                   |  +-- Obovaria_subrotunda    
                                   +--+                          
                                      +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis 

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 32 10 7 --
           +----- Ptychobranchus       
  +--------+                           
  |        |  +-- Potamilus_fragilis   
  |        +--+                        
  |           +-- Medionidus_conradicus **
--+                                    
  |           +-- Villosa              
  |  +--------+                        
  |  |        +-- Ellipsaria           
  +--+                                 
     |  +-------- Lampsilis_teres      
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Potamilus_purpuratus 
           +--+                        
              +-- Potamilus_alatus     

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 26 8 6 --
  +-------------- Potamilus_fragilis   
  |                                    
--+  +----------- Ptychobranchus       
  |  |                                 
  +--+  +-------- Medionidus_conradicus **
     |  |                              
     +--+  +----- Potamilus_purpuratus 
        |  |                           
        +--+----- Lampsilis            
           |                           
           |  +-- Ellipsaria           
           +--+                        
              +-- Villosa              

Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 32 25 17 --
  +----------------- Toxolasma             
  |                                        
  |  +-------------- Potamilus             
  |  |                                     
  |  |           +-- Ellipsaria            
  |  +-----------+                         
--+  |           +-- Truncilla             
  |  |                                     
  |  |        +----- Medionidus_acutissimus **
  |  +--------+                            
  |  |        |  +-- Lemiox                
  |  |        +--+                         
  +--+           +-- Dromus                
     |                                     
     |  +----------- Cambarunio            
     |  |                                  
     |  +----------- Leaunio               
     |  |                                  
     |  +----------- Villosa               
     |  |                                  
     |  |        +-- Sagittunio            
     |  +--------+                         
     +--+        +-- Lampsilis_ovata       
        |                                  
        |     +----- Venustaconcha         
        +-----+                            
        |     |  +-- Epioblasma            
        |     +--+                         
        |        +-- Obovaria              
        |                                  
        |  +-------- Lampsilis_teres       
        +--+                               
           |  +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea 
           +--+                            
              |  +-- Lampsilis_hydiana     
              +--+                         
                 +-- Lampsilis_straminea   

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 195 13 11 --
  +-------------------- Potamilus_leptodon   
  |                                          
--+  +----------------- Potamilus_alatus     
  |  |                                       
  |  |              +-- Medionidus_conradicus **
  +--+  +-----------+                        
     |  |           +-- Ptychobranchus       
     |  |                                    
     +--+           +-- Ellipsaria           
        |  +--------+                        
        |  |        +-- Truncilla            
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------- Leaunio              
           |  |                              
           +--+     +-- Venustaconcha        
              |  +--+                        
              |  |  +-- Cambarunio           
              +--+                           
                 |  +-- Ortmanniana          
                 +--+                        
                    +-- Lampsilis            

Roe, 2013 [Publ 3571], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 10 10 5 --
  +----------- Obliquaria           
  |                                 
--+----------- Lampsilis            
  |                                 
  |  +-------- Medionidus_conradicus **
  +--+                              
     |  +----- Ptychobranchus       
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Cyprogenia           
        +--+                        
           +-- Dromus               

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 197 13 11 --
  +----- Ellipsaria           
  |                           
  +----- Potamilus_leptodon   
  |                           
  +----- Medionidus_conradicus **
  |                           
  +----- Potamilus_alatus     
  |                           
  +----- Ptychobranchus       
--+                           
  +----- Truncilla            
  |                           
  +----- Venustaconcha        
  |                           
  +----- Cambarunio           
  |                           
  +----- Leaunio              
  |                           
  |  +-- Ortmanniana          
  +--+                        
     +-- Lampsilis            

Grobler et al., 2011 [Publ 3359], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 16 15 9 --
        +-------- Lemiox               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +----- Medionidus_conradicus **
  |     +--+                           
  |        |  +-- Dromus               
  |        +--+                        
--+           +-- Cyprogenia           
  |                                    
  |  +----------- Potamilus            
  |  |                                 
  |  |     +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
  |  |  +--+                           
  +--+  |  |  +-- Lampsilis_higginsii  
     |  |  +--+                        
     |  |     +-- Ortmanniana          
     |  |                              
     |  |  +----- Lampsilis_fasciola   
     +--+--+                           
        |  |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium    
        |  +--+                        
        |     +-- Lampsilis_ovata      
        |                              
        |     +-- Cambarunio           
        |     |                        
        +-----+-- Ligumia              
              |                        
              +-- Epioblasma           

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 197 13 11 --
  +-------------- Potamilus_leptodon   
  |                                    
  |  +----------- Potamilus_alatus     
--+  |                                 
  |  |  +-------- Venustaconcha        
  |  |  |                              
  +--+  +-------- Leaunio              
     |  |                              
     |  |     +-- Ellipsaria           
     |  +-----+                        
     +--+     +-- Truncilla            
        |                              
        |     +-- Medionidus_conradicus **
        +-----+                        
        |     +-- Ptychobranchus       
        |                              
        |  +----- Cambarunio           
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Ortmanniana          
           +--+                        
              +-- Lampsilis            

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 7 6 --
-- Medionidus_conradicus

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 7 6 --
  +----------------- Medionidus_conradicus **
--+                                       
  |  +-------------- Potamilus_fragilis   
  +--+                                    
     |  +----------- Ptychobranchus       
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------- Potamilus_purpuratus 
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Lampsilis            
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Villosa              
              +--+                        
                 +-- Ellipsaria           

Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 40 35 19 --
  +----------------------- Obliquaria             
  |                                               
  |                    +-- Medionidus_conradicus **  
  |                 +--+                          
  |                 |  +-- Lemiox                 
--+  +--------------+                             
  |  |              |  +-- Cyprogenia             
  |  |              +--+                          
  |  |                 +-- Ptychobranchus         
  |  |                                            
  +--+           +-------- Potamilus              
     |  +--------+                                
     |  |        |  +----- Atlanticoncha          
     |  |        +--+                             
     |  |           |  +-- Ellipsaria             
     |  |           +--+                          
     +--+              +-- Truncilla              
        |                                         
        |              +-- Hamiota                
        |  +-----------+                          
        |  |           +-- Villosa                
        |  |                                      
        +--+  +----------- Ligumia                
           |  |                                   
           |  |     +----- Venustaconcha          
           +--+  +--+                             
              |  |  |  +-- Obovaria               
              |  |  +--+                          
              +--+     +-- Epioblasma             
                 |                                
                 |  +----- Ortmanniana_pectorosa  
                 +--+                             
                    |  +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
                    +--+                          
                       +-- Lampsilis              

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 28 6 5 --
  +----- Medionidus_conradicus **
--+                           
  |  +-- Dromus               
  +--+                        
     +-- Cyprogenia           

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 28 6 5 --
  +----- Medionidus_conradicus **
--+                           
  |  +-- Dromus               
  +--+                        
     +-- Cyprogenia           

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 8 6 --
  +-------------------- Obliquaria           
--+                                          
  |  +----------------- Medionidus_conradicus **
  +--+                                       
     |  +-------------- Ptychobranchus       
     +--+                                    
        |  +----------- Potamilus_fragilis   
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------- Potamilus_purpuratus 
           +--+                              
              |  +----- Ellipsaria           
              +--+                           
                 |  +-- Villosa              
                 +--+                        
                    +-- Lampsilis            

Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 13 8 2 --
  +-------------------- Medionidus_conradicus **   
  |                                             
--+  +----------------- Lampsilis_teres         
  |  |                                          
  |  +----------------- Villosa                 
  +--+                                          
     |              +-- Lampsilis_satura        
     |  +-----------+                           
     |  |           +-- Lampsilis_cardium       
     +--+                                       
        |  +----------- Lampsilis_reeveiana     
        |  |                                    
        +--+  +-------- Lampsilis_hydiana__1    
           |  |                                 
           +--+-------- Lampsilis_hydiana__2    
              |                                 
              |  +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea__2
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea__1
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Lampsilis_powellii      

Page updated: 10:15:12 Sun 06 Oct 2024

 
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