The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

The MUSSEL Project Database has moved to a new server, with a new URL! The new address for this page is: https://musselpdb.org/db.php?ty=validgen_cld&id=20

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Hyrioidea | Hyriidae | Hyriinae | Castaliini

genus Castalia Lamarck, 1819: cladomics
     13 valid species

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 13

analyzed in 37 cladograms in 24 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 2, mean = 1.11

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 4
maximum number of included terminals = 2, mean = 2.0
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.5

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 2a_b

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** *** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

  +-------------- Castalia_stevensi **  
  |                                  
--+           +-- Callonaia          
  |  +--------+                      
  |  |        +-- Castalia_ambigua__1 **
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Castalia_ambigua__4 **
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Castalia_ambigua__2 **
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Castaliella        
           +--+                      
              +-- Castalia_ambigua__3 **

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 4

  +----------------- Castalia_ambigua__4 **
--+                                     
  |  +-------------- Callonaia          
  +--+                                  
     |  +----------- Castalia_ambigua__3 **
     +--+                               
        |  +-------- Castalia_stevensi **  
        +--+                            
           |  +----- Castalia_ambigua__2 **
           +--+                         
              |  +-- Castaliella        
              +--+                      
                 +-- Castalia_ambigua__1 **

Santos-Neto et al., 2018 [Publ 3888], fig. 5

  +----- Callonaia        
--+                       
  |  +-- Castalia_ambigua ** 
  +--+                    
     +-- Castalia_stevensi **

Olivera-Hyde et al., 2020 [Publ 4249], fig. 10

  +----- Callonaia        
--+                       
  |  +-- Castalia_ambigua ** 
  +--+                    
     +-- Castalia_stevensi **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

-- Castalia_ambigua

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

-- Castalia_stevensi

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

-- Castalia_ambigua

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

-- Castalia_ambigua

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

-- Castalia_ambigua

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

-- Castalia_stevensi

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

-- Castalia

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

-- Castalia

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

-- Castalia_ambigua

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

-- Castalia_stevensi

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

-- Castalia_ambigua

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

-- Castalia_ambigua

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

-- Castalia

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

-- Castalia_ambigua

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

-- Castalia_ambigua

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

-- Castalia

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

-- Castalia_stevensi

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

-- Castalia_ambigua

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 3_5

  +-------- Callonaia          
--+                            
  |  +----- Castalia_ambigua__2 **
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Castalia_ambigua__1 **
     +--+                      
        +-- Castaliella        

Baker et al., 2004 [Publ 2685], fig. 2-3

-- Castalia_stevensi

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

-- Castalia_stevensi

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

-- Castalia_ambigua

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

-- Castalia_ambigua

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

-- Castalia_ambigua

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

-- Castalia_stevensi

Baker et al., 2003 [Publ 2690], fig. 5

-- Castalia_stevensi

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

-- Castalia_ambigua

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

-- Castalia_ambigua

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

-- Castalia

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

-- Castalia_stevensi

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

-- Castalia_ambigua

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

-- Castalia

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

-- Castalia

Page updated: 08:16:32 Sun 07 Sep 2025