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Page last updated
Mon 28 Jul 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

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The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

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genus Elliptoideus Frierson, 1927: cladomics
1 valid species

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 1

analyzed in 26 cladograms in 14 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 1, mean = 1.0

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	103	57	8	--

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** *** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

  +----------------------------------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **  
  |                                                                   
  |                                      +-- Elliptio_lanceolata      
  |  +-----------------------------------+                            
  |  |                                   +-- Parvaspina               
  |  |                                                                
  |  |  +----------------------------------- Plethobasus              
  |  |  |                                                             
  |  |  +----------------------------------- Eurynia                  
--+  |  |                                                             
  |  |  +----------------------------------- Hemistena                
  |  |  |                                                             
  |  |  |                                +-- Elliptio_complanata      
  |  |  |                                |                            
  |  |  |                                +-- Elliptio_hopetonensis    
  |  |  |                                |                            
  |  |  |                                +-- Elliptio_producta__1     
  |  |  |                                |                            
  |  |  |                                +-- Elliptio_shepardiana     
  +--+  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_angustata       
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_arca            
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_arctata         
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_jayensis        
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_crassidens      
     |  |                                |                            
     |  +--------------------------------+-- Elliptio_dariensis       
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_fisheriana      
     |  |                                |                            
     |  |                                +-- Elliptio_folliculata     
     |  |                                |                            
     +--+                                +-- Elliptio_fumata          
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_icterina        
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_mcmichaeli      
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_producta__2     
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_pullata         
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_purpurella      
        |                                |                            
        |                                +-- Elliptio_congaraea       
        |                                                             
        |  +-------------------------------- Pleuronaia               
        |  |                                                          
        |  |                             +-- Pleurobema_cordatum      
        |  |  +--------------------------+                            
        |  |  |                          +-- Fusconaia                
        |  |  |                                                       
        |  |  |  +-------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum        
        |  |  |  |                                                    
        |  |  |  |  +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile       
        |  |  |  |  |                                                 
        |  |  |  |  |                 +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme     
        |  |  +--+  |              +--+                               
        |  |  |  |  |              |  |  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 
        |  |  |  |  |              |  +--+                            
        |  |  |  |  |  +-----------+     +-- Pleurobema_athearni      
        |  |  |  |  |  |           |                                  
        +--+  |  +--+  |           |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum       
           |  |     |  |           |  |                               
           |  |     |  |           +--+  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 
           |  |     |  |              |  |                            
           |  |     |  |              +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
           |  |     |  |                 |                            
           |  |     |  |                 +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
           |  |     |  |                                              
           |  |     +--+     +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__2
           |  |        |     |                                        
           |  |        |  +--+  +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum__2 
           |  |        |  |  |  |                                     
           |  |        |  |  +--+----------- Pleurobema_rubellum      
           |  |        |  |     |                                     
           |  |        |  |     |  +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__1
           |  |        |  |     +--+                                  
           +--+        |  |        |  +----- Pleurobema_taitianum     
              |        |  |        +--+                               
              |        |  |           |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum     
              |        +--+           +--+                            
              |           |              +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum__1 
              |           |                                           
              |           |           +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__6   
              |           |           |                               
              |           |        +--+----- Pleurobema_clava__3      
              |           |        |  |                               
              |           |        |  |  +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__5   
              |           |        |  +--+                            
              |           +--------+     +-- Pleurobema_clava__2      
              |                    |                                  
              |                    |  +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__2   
              |                    |  |                               
              |                    |  +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__3   
              |                    +--+                               
              |                       +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__4   
              |                       |                               
              |                       |  +-- Pleurobema_clava__1      
              |                       +--+                            
              |                          +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1   
              |                                                       
              |           +----------------- Pleurobema_riddellii     
              |           |                                           
              |           |  +-------------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__34  
              |           |  |                                        
              |           |  |  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__31  
              |           |  |  |                                     
              +-----------+  |  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__32  
                          |  |  |                                     
                          |  |  +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__33  
                          |  |  |                                     
                          |  |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__4            
                          |  |  |  |                                  
                          |  |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__5            
                          +--+  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2   
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3   
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__8            
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__9            
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema__10           
                             |  |  |                                  
                             |  |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__5   
                             +--+  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__6   
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__7   
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__8   
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__9   
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__10  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__11  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__12  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__13  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__14  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__15  
                                |  |                                  
                                |  +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__16  
                                +--+                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__17  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__18  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__19  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__20  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__21  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__22  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__23  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__24  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__25  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__26  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__27  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__28  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__29  
                                   |                                  
                                   +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__30  
                                   |                                  
                                   |     +-- Pleurobema__6            
                                   +-----+                            
                                   |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1   
                                   |                                  
                                   |     +-- Pleurobema__7            
                                   +-----+                            
                                   |     +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__4   
                                   |                                  
                                   |  +----- Pleurobema__3            
                                   +--+                               
                                      |  +-- Pleurobema__1            
                                      +--+                            
                                         +-- Pleurobema__2

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	27	2	2	--

-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	198	4	4	--

  +-------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
  |                                
--+     +-- Elliptio               
  |  +--+                          
  |  |  +-- Eurynia                
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Fusconaia              
     +--+                          
        +-- Pleurobema

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	33	1	1	--

-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	198	4	4	--

  +----------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
--+                                   
  |  +-------- Elliptio               
  +--+                                
     |  +----- Eurynia                
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Fusconaia              
        +--+                          
           +-- Pleurobema

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	101	29	8	--

  +-------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
  |                                      
--+  +----------- Hemistena              
  |  |                                   
  |  |        +-- Plethobasus            
  +--+  +-----+                          
     |  |     +-- Elliptio               
     |  |                                
     +--+  +----- Pleuronaia             
        |  |                             
        |  +----- Fusconaia              
        +--+                             
           +----- Pleurobema             
           |                             
           |  +-- Eurynia                
           +--+                          
              +-- Parvaspina

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	34	5	4	--

  +-------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
--+                                      
  |  +----------- Elliptio               
  +--+                                   
     |  +-------- Pleuronaia             
     +--+                                
        |  +----- Pleurobema_riddellii   
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Fusconaia              
           +--+                          
              +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	28	4	3	--

-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus

Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	28	4	3	--

-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	56	2	2	--

  +----- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
--+                             
  |  +-- Elliptio               
  +--+                          
     +-- Pleurobema

Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	37	20	8	--

-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	27	1	1	--

  +-- Pleurobema             
--+                          
  +-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	42	24	8	--

-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	19	18	8	--

  +-------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
  |                                      
--+  +----------- Elliptio               
  |  |                                   
  |  +----------- Plethobasus            
  +--+                                   
     |  +-------- Parvaspina             
     |  |                                
     |  |     +-- Hemistena              
     +--+-----+                          
        |     +-- Eurynia                
        |                                
        |  +----- Fusconaia              
        +--+                             
           |  +-- Pleuronaia             
           +--+                          
              +-- Pleurobema

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	72	40	8	--

  +-------------------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
  |                                                  
  |  +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile     
  |  |                                               
  |  |                 +----- Pleurobema_riddellii   
--+  |     +-----------+                             
  |  |     |           |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia    
  |  |     |           +--+                          
  |  |  +--+              +-- Pleurobema_cordatum    
  |  |  |  |                                         
  +--+  |  |  +-------------- Fusconaia              
     |  |  |  |                                      
     |  |  +--+  +----------- Pleuronaia             
     |  |     |  |                                   
     |  |     +--+        +-- Eurynia                
     |  |        |  +-----+                          
     |  |        |  |     +-- Parvaspina             
     |  |        +--+                                
     +--+           |  +----- Elliptio               
        |           +--+                             
        |              |  +-- Hemistena              
        |              +--+                          
        |                 +-- Plethobasus            
        |                                            
        |                 +-- Pleurobema_clava       
        |     +-----------+                          
        |     |           +-- Pleurobema_oviforme    
        |     |                                      
        +-----+  +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme   
              |  |                                   
              |  |        +-- Pleurobema_athearni    
              |  |     +--+                          
              +--+     |  +-- Pleurobema_georgianum  
                 |  +--+                             
                 |  |  |  +-- Pleurobema_decisum     
                 |  |  +--+                          
                 |  |     +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum 
                 +--+                                
                    |  +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum 
                    |  |                             
                    |  +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum  
                    +--+                             
                       +----- Pleurobema_rubellum    
                       |                             
                       |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum   
                       +--+                          
                          +-- Pleurobema_taitianum

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	33	1	1	--

-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	41	24	8	--

  +-------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
  |                                
  |  +----- Hemistena              
  |  |                             
--+  +----- Plethobasus            
  |  |                             
  |  +----- Elliptio               
  |  |                             
  +--+  +-- Eurynia                
     +--+                          
     |  +-- Parvaspina             
     |                             
     |  +-- Pleuronaia             
     |  |                          
     +--+-- Pleurobema             
        |                          
        +-- Fusconaia

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	26	2	2	--

-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	32	3	3	--

-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	56	2	2	--

  +----- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
--+                             
  |  +-- Elliptio               
  +--+                          
     +-- Pleurobema

Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	27	1	1	--

  +-- Pleurobema             
--+                          
  +-- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	196	4	4	--

  +-------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
  |                                
--+     +-- Elliptio               
  |  +--+                          
  |  |  +-- Eurynia                
  +--+                             
     |  +-- Fusconaia              
     +--+                          
        +-- Pleurobema

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	72	40	8	--

  +----------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
  |                                   
  |  +-------- Elliptio               
--+  |                                
  |  |     +-- Eurynia                
  |  +-----+                          
  |  |     +-- Parvaspina             
  +--+                                
     |     +-- Hemistena              
     +-----+                          
     |     +-- Plethobasus            
     |                                
     |  +----- Pleuronaia             
     +--+                             
        |  +-- Fusconaia              
        +--+                          
           +-- Pleurobema

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	101	29	8	--

  +-------------------------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **  
  |                                                          
  |  +----------------------------- Plethobasus              
--+  |                                                       
  |  +----------------------------- Parvaspina               
  |  |                                                       
  |  +----------------------------- Elliptio                 
  +--+                                                       
     |  +-------------------------- Eurynia                  
     |  |                                                    
     |  +-------------------------- Hemistena                
     |  |                                                    
     |  |  +----------------------- Fusconaia                
     +--+  |                                                 
        |  |                 +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2   
        |  +-----------------+                               
        |  |                 |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1   
        |  |                 +--+                            
        +--+                    +-- Pleurobema_cordatum      
           |                                                 
           |  +-------------------- Pleuronaia               
           |  |                                              
           |  |           +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum      
           |  |  +--------+                                  
           +--+  |        |  +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum    
              |  |        +--+                               
              |  |           |  +-- Pleurobema_perovatum     
              |  |           +--+                            
              |  |              +-- Pleurobema_taitianum     
              +--+                                           
                 |              +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1   
                 |              |                            
                 |  +-----------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2   
                 |  |           |                            
                 |  |           +-- Pleurobema_clava         
                 +--+                                        
                    |  +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme     
                    |  |                                     
                    +--+        +-- Pleurobema_athearni      
                       |  +-----+                            
                       |  |     +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 
                       +--+                                  
                          |  +----- Pleurobema_decisum       
                          |  |                               
                          +--+  +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
                             |  |                            
                             +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
                                |                            
                                +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	41	24	8	--

  +-------------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
  |                                            
  |  +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile     
--+  |                                         
  |  |           +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme   
  |  |  +--------+                             
  +--+  |        |  +-- Pleurobema_clava       
     |  |        +--+                          
     |  |           +-- Pleurobema_decisum     
     |  |                                      
     +--+           +-- Pleurobema_cordatum    
        |  +--------+                          
        |  |        +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia    
        |  |                                   
        |  |     +----- Pleuronaia             
        +--+  +--+                             
           |  |  |  +-- Parvaspina             
           |  |  +--+                          
           |  |     +-- Fusconaia              
           +--+                                
              |     +-- Eurynia                
              |  +--+                          
              |  |  +-- Hemistena              
              +--+                             
                 |  +-- Plethobasus            
                 +--+                          
                    +-- Elliptio

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4

iT	tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	41	24	8	--

  +-------------------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus **
  |                                                  
--+  +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile     
  |  |                                               
  +--+  +-------------------- Hemistena              
     |  |                                            
     +--+  +----------------- Eurynia                
        |  |                                         
        |  |              +-- Pleurobema_cordatum    
        +--+  +-----------+                          
           |  |           +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia    
           |  |                                      
           |  |        +----- Pleurobema_clava       
           +--+  +-----+                             
              |  |     |  +-- Pleurobema_decisum     
              |  |     +--+                          
              |  |        +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme   
              +--+                                   
                 |        +-- Parvaspina             
                 |  +-----+                          
                 |  |     +-- Pleuronaia             
                 +--+                                
                    |  +----- Fusconaia              
                    +--+                             
                       |  +-- Plethobasus            
                       +--+                          
                          +-- Elliptio

Page updated: 08:46:31 Mon 28 Jul 2025

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