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Wed 04 Dec 2024 |
The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
The nominal species (available and otherwise) in this synonymy are listed by usage rather than strictly by publication date. The primary sorting order is by the most recent year (since 1969) that the species name was treated as valid, and then nominal species are sorted secondarily by publication year. The taxonomic history of the valid species (since 1900) is listed at the bottom of the page.
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Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini | Toxolasma species Toxolasma lividum Rafinesque, 1831: nominal species
2 specimens available.
Toxolasma lividus Rafinesque, 1831
Rafinesque, 1831, Continuation: 2.
Rafinesque, 1864, [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 72.
Toxolasma lividus — Rafinesque (1831), Turgeon et al. (1988), Cummings & Mayer (1992), Williams et al. (1993), ..., ITIS (2012), Mitchell et al. (2016), Chase et al. (2018), Patterson et al. (2021)
Unio lividus — Ferussac (1835)
Toxolasma lividum — Ortmann (1918), Lee (2006), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), ..., Graf & Cummings (2021), Bieler (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024)
Carunculina mœsta — Ortmann & Walker (1922)
Carunculina glans — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), R.I. Johnson (1980)
Toxelasma lividum — Thiele (1934)
Toxolasma livida — Morrison (1969)
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Unio glans Lea, 1831
 
Lea, 1831, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 4 [O. 1]: 82, pl. 8, fig. 12.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85312, New Harmony, Ind.
Unio glans — Lea (1831), Jay (1835), Ferussac (1835), Conrad (1836), ..., Lewis (1871), B.H. Wright (1888), Call (1895), Pilsbry & Rhoads (1896)
Margarita (Unio) glans — Lea (1836), Lea (1838)
Lampsilis glans — Agassiz (1852)
Margaron (Unio) glans — Lea (1852), Lea (1870)
Unio (Hyridella) glans — Adams & Adams (1857)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) glans — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900)
Eurynia (Carunculina) glans — Ortmann (1912)
Carunculina glans — Utterback (1916), Ortmann (1924), Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), Stansbery (1970), Gordon et al. (1979), R.I. Johnson (1980)
Carunculina moesta — Ortmann (1925)
Toxolasma livida — Morrison (1969)
Carunculina parva — Burch (1975)
Toxolasma lividus glans — Oesch (1984)
Toxolasma lividus — Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Toxolasma lividum — Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), MolluscaBase (2024)
Toxolasma glans — Breton et al. (2011), Chase et al. (2018)
Toxolasma cylindrellus — IUCN (2012)
Toxolasma lividus grans — Kongim et al. (2015)
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Unio moestus Lea, 1841
 
Lea, 1841, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 2: 82 [as ‘mœstus’].
Lea, 1842, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 244 [82], pl. 26, fig. 60 [as ‘mæstus’].
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85320, French Broad R., E Tenn.
Unio moestus — Lea (1841)
Margaron (Unio) mæstus — Lea (1852)
Unio mœstus — Conrad (1853), Lewis (1871)
Unio (Hyridella) mœstus — Adams & Adams (1857)
Unio maestus — Küster (1861)
Margaron (Unio) mœstus — Lea (1870)
Unio mæstus — B.H. Wright (1888)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) mœstus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) mœsta — Simpson (1914)
Toxolasma lividum — Ortmann (1918), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Bieler (2021)
Carunculina mœsta — Ortmann & Walker (1922)
Carunculina moesta — Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Carunculina glans — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), Stansbery (1970), R.I. Johnson (1980)
Carunculina parva — Burch (1975)
Toxolasma lividus — Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
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Unio maestus Lea, 1842
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Lea, 1842, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 244 [82], pl. 26, fig. 60 [as ‘mæstus’].
Lea, 1852, Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 31 [as ‘mæstus’].
B.H. Wright, 1888, Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [3] [as ‘mæstus’].
(error for Unio moestus Lea, 1841)
Unio maestus — Lea (1842)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) mœstus — Simpson (1900)
Carunculina glans — Frierson (1927)
Toxolasma lividum — Watters et al. (2009), Bieler (2021), MolluscaBase (2024)
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Unio castus var. mirus de Gregorio, 1914
de Gregorio, 1914, Il Nat. Siciliano 2: 57.
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio castus Lea, 1860)
Unio castus var. mirus — de Gregorio (1914)
Toxolasma lividum — MolluscaBase (2024)
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Carunculina glans moaesta R.I. Johnson, 1980
R.I. Johnson, 1980, Bull. MCZ 149(2): 94.
(error for Unio moestus Lea, 1841)
Carunculina glans moaesta — R.I. Johnson (1980)
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Toxolasma lividus grans Kongim et al., 2015
Kongim et al., 2015, ZooKeys 514: 103.
(error for Unio glans Lea, 1831)
Toxolasma lividus grans — Kongim et al. (2015)
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Taxonomic History (since 1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) glans — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) mœstus — Simpson (1900)
Eurynia (Carunculina) glans — Ortmann (1912)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) mœsta — Simpson (1914)
Unio castus var. mirus — de Gregorio (1914)
Carunculina glans — Utterback (1916), Ortmann (1924), Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), Stansbery (1970), Gordon et al. (1979), R.I. Johnson (1980)
Toxolasma lividum — Ortmann (1918), Lee (2006), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), ..., Graf & Cummings (2021), Bieler (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024)
Carunculina mœsta — Ortmann & Walker (1922)
Carunculina moesta — Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Toxelasma lividum — Thiele (1934)
Toxolasma livida — Morrison (1969)
Carunculina parva — Burch (1975)
Carunculina glans moaesta — R.I. Johnson (1980)
Toxolasma lividus glans — Oesch (1984)
Toxolasma lividus — Turgeon et al. (1988), Cummings & Mayer (1992), Williams et al. (1993), Cummings & Mayer (1997), ..., ITIS (2012), Mitchell et al. (2016), Chase et al. (2018), Patterson et al. (2021)
Toxolasma glans — Breton et al. (2011), Chase et al. (2018)
Toxolasma cylindrellus — IUCN (2012)
Toxolasma lividus grans — Kongim et al. (2015)
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Page updated: 15:11:18 Wed 04 Dec 2024 |
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