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Page last updated
Wed 04 Dec 2024

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Search the database pages:

Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Alasmidontina

genus Utterbackia F.C. Baker, 1927: cladomics
     3 valid species

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 3

analyzed in 103 cladograms in 57 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 3, mean = 1.52

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 53
maximum number of included terminals = 3, mean = 2.02
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.94

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ tree

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 3 39 31 12 --

*** Top Monophyly Cladogram *** *** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ***

        +-------- Pyganodon                  
  +-----+                                    
  |     |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
  |     +--+                                 
  |        |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
  |        +--+                              
  |           +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                                          
--+     +-------- Utterbackiana              
  |     |                                    
  |  +--+     +-- Lasmigona_costata          
  |  |  |  +--+                              
  |  |  |  |  +-- Pseudodontoideus           
  |  |  +--+                                 
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata       
  |  |     +--+                              
  +--+        +-- Arcidens                   
     |                                       
     |     +----- Pressodonta                
     |  +--+                                 
     |  |  |  +-- Anodontoides               
     |  |  +--+                              
     |  |     +-- Strophitus                 
     +--+                                    
        |     +-- Prolasmidonta              
        |  +--+                              
        |  |  +-- Platynaias                 
        +--+                                 
           |  +-- Alasminota                 
           +--+                              
              +-- Alasmidonta

Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
3 3 1 3 4 4 1 -- 
  +-------- Pyganodon               
--+                                 
  |  +----- Utterbackia_peggyae **     
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 90 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Lasmigona               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 37 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 37 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 3 35 9 5 -- 
  +----------------- Lasmigona                  
  |                                             
--+  +-------------- Strophitus                 
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +-- Platynaias                 
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        +-- Alasmidonta                
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Pyganodon                  
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
              +--+                              
                 +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 41 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 194 5 5 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 72 5 4 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |                                 
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Alasmidonta             
     +--+                           
        +-- Platynaias

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 14 12 4 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon             
--+                            
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **   
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 39 3 3 -- 
        +-- Prolasmidonta           
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Alasmidonta             
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 14 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 15 0 2 13 11 4 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_peggyae **        
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__1
  |                                 
--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__2
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata
  |                                 
  |  +-- Lasmigona_costata          
  +--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackiana_implicata    
  |                                 
  |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata       
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Platynaias                 
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta        
  +--+                              
     +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_lacustris

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 18 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 14 3 3 -- 
        +-- Lasmigona               
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 52 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Lasmigona               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 3 18 12 7 -- 
           +-------- Pseudodontoideus           
  +--------+                                    
  |        |  +----- Lasmigona_costata          
  |        +--+                                 
  |           |  +-- Lasmigona_complanata       
--+           +--+                              
  |              +-- Arcidens                   
  |                                             
  |  +-------------- Strophitus                 
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +-- Platynaias                 
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        +-- Alasmidonta                
     +--+                                       
        |  +-------- Pyganodon                  
        +--+                                    
           |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
           +--+                                 
              |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
              +--+                              
                 +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 27 0 2 32 4 4 -- 
                    +----- Schistodesmus           
              +-----+                              
              |     |  +-- Lepidodesma             
              |     +--+                           
              |        +-- Aculamprotula           
  +-----------+                                    
  |           |     +----- Platynaias              
  |           |  +--+                              
  |           |  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |           |  |  +--+                           
  |           +--+     +-- Pyganodon               
  |              |                                 
  |              |  +----- Sinanodonta             
  |              +--+                              
  |                 |  +-- Cristaria               
--+                 +--+                           
  |                    +-- Anodonta                
  |                                                
  |                    +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |           +--------+                           
  |           |        +-- Potamilus_alatus        
  |  +--------+                                    
  |  |        |  +-------- Lamprotula              
  |  |        +--+                                 
  |  |           |  +----- Sinohyriopsis           
  |  |           +--+                              
  +--+              |  +-- Parvasolenaia           
     |              +--+                           
     |                 +-- Sinosolenaia            
     |                                             
     |  +----------------- Gibbosula               
     +--+                                          
        |  +-------------- Quadrula                
        +--+                                       
           |  +----------- Toxolasma               
           +--+                                    
              |  +-------- Lampsilis_ornata        
              +--+                                 
                 |  +----- Potamilus_leptodon      
                 +--+                              
                    |  +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea   
                    +--+                           
                       +-- Lampsilis_powellii

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 48 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 43 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Lasmigona               
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 67 4 4 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                 
  |  +----- Alasmidonta             
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Platynaias              
     +--+                           
        +-- Prolasmidonta

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 18 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 14 12 4 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon             
--+                            
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **   
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 23 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 45 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 13 11 4 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon             
--+                            
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 13 11 4 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon             
--+                            
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_peggyae **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 72 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 94 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Lasmigona               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 39 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 47 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 55 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Lasmigona               
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 10 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 67 4 4 -- 
     +----- Alasmidonta             
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Prolasmidonta           
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Platynaias              
  |                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 67 4 4 -- 
     +----- Alasmidonta             
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Prolasmidonta           
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Platynaias              
  |                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 27 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 196 5 5 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 3 36 9 5 -- 
     +-------- Pyganodon                  
  +--+                                    
  |  |  +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
  |  +--+                                 
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
--+     +--+                              
  |        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                                       
  |  +-------- Lasmigona                  
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Alasmidonta                
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Strophitus                 
        +--+                              
           +-- Platynaias

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 67 4 4 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                 
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Platynaias              
     +--+                           
        +-- Alasmidonta

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 94 5 5 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |  +--+                           
  |     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
--+                                 
  |     +-- Alasmidonta             
  |  +--+                           
  |  |  +-- Platynaias              
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                           
        +-- Lasmigona

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 19 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 39 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 196 5 5 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 72 5 4 -- 
     +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
  |  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |  +--+                           
--+     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |                                 
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Alasmidonta             
     +--+                           
        +-- Platynaias

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 10 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 22 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 23 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 43 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Lasmigona               
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 31 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 30 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Platynaias              
--+                                 
  |  +----- Pyganodon               
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
     +--+                           
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 90 5 5 -- 
        +----- Pyganodon               
  +-----+                              
  |     |  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  |     +--+                           
--+        +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  |                                    
  |  +-------- Lasmigona               
  +--+                                 
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta           
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Alasmidonta             
        +--+                           
           +-- Platynaias

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 20 0 3 102 14 8 -- 
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata      
  |                              
  +-- Prolasmidonta              
  |                              
  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata       
  |                              
  +-- Beringiana                 
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_confragosus       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri          
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona_complanata       
  |                              
--+-- Platynaias_compressa       
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona_costata          
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_decorata        
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_subviridis      
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris        
  |                              
  +-- Pseudodontoideus           
  |                              
  +-- Strophitus                 
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **     
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
2 2 0 2 20 1 1 -- 
  +----- Pyganodon               
--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--+                           
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackia_peninsularis

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 21 2 1 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 52 2 2 -- 
  +----- Platynaias            
--+                            
  |  +-- Pyganodon             
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 16 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 18 2 1 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 10 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 2 2 -- 
-- Utterbackia_peninsularis

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 26 11 -- 
  +-------------------- Utterbackiana           
  |                                             
  |                 +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+  +--------------+                           
  |  |              +-- Pyganodon               
  |  |                                          
  +--+           +----- Alasmidonta             
     |  +--------+                              
     |  |        |  +-- Arcidens                
     |  |        +--+                           
     +--+           +-- Pseudodontoideus        
        |                                       
        |  +----------- Alasminota              
        |  |                                    
        +--+        +-- Anodontoides            
           |  +-----+                           
           |  |     +-- Strophitus              
           +--+                                 
              |  +----- Pressodonta             
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Platynaias              
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Prolasmidonta

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 3 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 4 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 11 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 5 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 39 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 53 1 1 -- 
  +-- Alasmidonta           
--+                         
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 18 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 26 24 10 -- 
  +-------------------- Pressodonta             
  |                                             
  |           +-------- Utterbackiana           
--+  +--------+                                 
  |  |        |  +----- Alasminota              
  |  |        +--+                              
  |  |           |  +-- Arcidens                
  +--+           +--+                           
     |              +-- Pseudodontoideus        
     |                                          
     |  +-------------- Alasmidonta             
     +--+                                       
        |  +----------- Platynaias              
        +--+                                    
           |  +-------- Strophitus              
           +--+                                 
              |  +----- Pyganodon               
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Anodontoides

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 17 16 7 -- 
           +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
  +--------+                           
  |        +-- Pyganodon               
  |                                    
--+        +-- Anodontoides            
  |  +-----+                           
  |  |     +-- Strophitus              
  |  |                                 
  +--+     +-- Alasmidonta             
     |  +--+                           
     |  |  +-- Alasminota              
     +--+                              
        |  +-- Pseudodontoideus        
        +--+                           
           +-- Utterbackiana

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 26 5 4 -- 
        +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **  
  +-----+                           
  |     +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana
--+                                 
  |  +----- Strophitus              
  +--+                              
     |  +-- Lasmigona               
     +--+                           
        +-- Alasmidonta

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 7 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 14 1 1 -- 
-- Utterbackia_peninsularis

Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 2 0 0 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 21 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 12 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 51 2 2 -- 
  +----- Platynaias            
--+                            
  |  +-- Pyganodon             
  +--+                         
     +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 21 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 4 4 -- 
  +----------- Utterbackiana         
--+                                  
  |  +-------- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Strophitus            
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Alasmidonta           
        +--+                         
           +-- Lasmigona

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 8 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 37 8 7 -- 
  +-------------- Strophitus            
  |                                     
  |        +----- Lasmigona_complanata  
--+  +-----+                            
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona_costata     
  |  |     +--+                         
  +--+        +-- Arcidens              
     |                                  
     |  +-------- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
     |  |                               
     +--+-------- Alasmidonta           
        |                               
        |  +----- Pyganodon             
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Anodontoides          
           +--+                         
              +-- Platynaias

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 27 4 4 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 16 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pyganodon               
--+                           
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 32 8 6 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 21 2 1 -- 
-- Utterbackia_imbecillis

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 53 3 3 -- 
     +-- Pyganodon               
  +--+                           
  |  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                              
  |  +-- Alasmidonta             
  +--+                           
     +-- Prolasmidonta

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 33 4 4 -- 
  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
  |                            
--+----- Utterbackiana         
  |                            
  |  +-- Alasmidonta           
  +--+                         
     +-- Lasmigona

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 9 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1 1 0 1 12 1 1 -- 
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
--+                           
  +-- Pyganodon

Page updated: 14:57:24 Wed 04 Dec 2024
 
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